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Basics of Exporting - Business Travel Abroad

By traveling abroad, you can locate and cultivate new customers while improving relationships and communication with your current foreign representatives and associates. Like domestic business, face-to-face meetings with a client or customer is the best form of business contact. As you plan your trip, be aware of the various business customs, travel conditions, entrance requirements, cultural environments, and American citizen services in the country of destination.

American Citizen Services
Business Meetings
Cultural Considerations
Entrance Requirements and Visas
Other Considerations
Sources of Cultural Information


American Citizen Services

The U.S. belongs to the ATA Carnet System. This system allows U.S. commercial and professional travelers to take commercial samples, tools of the trade, advertising material, cinematography, audio-visual, medical, scientific, or other professional equipment into member countries for temporary periods of time without paying customs duties and taxes or posting a bond at the border.

Generally, the Carnet covers all merchandise with the exception of consumable goods, disposable items, and postal traffic. Carnets are typically valid for 12 months. When using the Carnet, the exporter reduces costs, simplifies customs procedures, and finds a simpler reentry process for returning goods to the United States. For use of the carnet, companies should expect to pay a required fee based on the value of the goods and put up a security deposit equaling 40% of the shipment value.

To obtain a carnet, contact the U.S. Council on International Business, 1212 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. Phone: 212-354-4480 Fax: 212-575-0327, or visit www.uscib.org.

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Business Meetings

A well-planned itinerary enables a traveler to make the best possible use of time abroad. Before you start your trip, obtain the names of possible contacts, arrange as many appointments as possible, and check transportation schedules. In addition, confirm meetings and other travel arrangements before leaving the U.S.
Keep your schedule flexible enough to allow for both unexpected problems (such as transportation delays) and unexpected opportunities. For example, accepting an unscheduled luncheon invitation from a prospective client should not mean missing the next appointment.

Check with foreign consulates about the normal workdays, including foreign holidays, and business hours in the countries to be visited. For instance, in many Middle Eastern countries the workweek typically runs from Saturday to Thursday. In many Latin American countries, lengthy lunch hours, or "siestas," are customary.

Business language is generally more technical than conversational speech and misunderstandings can be costly. Before leaving the U.S., you should know whether the individuals with whom you are planning to meet are comfortable speaking English. If not, arrange to have professional interpreters at your meetings. Also, you should carry business cards printed in English and in the language of the country visited, since exchanging business cards when first meeting someone is considered a basic part of proper business etiquette in some countries. Some international airlines can arrange this service.

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Cultural Considerations

Business executives traveling abroad should learn about the history, culture, and customs of the countries to be visited. Business manners and methods, religious customs, dietary practices, humor and acceptable dress all vary greatly from country to country. Although you need not completely adopt business procedures of the countries you visit; flexibility, cultural sensitivity, and adoption should be guiding principles when traveling abroad and conducting international business.

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Entrance Requirements and Visas

Be aware that the U.S. and foreign governments may restrict your travel from one country to another. For example, a passport containing an Israeli visa may prevent visits to certain other countries in the Middle East. You should obtain the necessary travel documents two or three months before departure, especially if visas are required. A travel agent can help make these arrangements.

All travel outside the U.S., Canada, and Mexico requires each traveling family member to possess a valid passport for the entire duration of the trip. You can obtain a passport by applying in person through certain local post offices and U.S. district courts. Information can be obtained at your local post office or at the US Department of State website www.state.gov. Requirements for certain vaccinations differ from country to country. A travel agent, airline, or doctor can advise you on the various requirements.

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Other Considerations

Consider seasonal weather conditions, differences in electrical currents (plug adapters may be required to use electrical appliances), use of credit cards and travelers checks, currency exchange rates, tipping standards (who is tipped and how much), U.S. customs regulations and various health care issues when planning your trip. For instance, foreign customs regulations vary widely from place to place, and you should learn in advance those that apply to each country visited. Discuss, health care issues, such as, what to eat and what non-required, vaccinations doctors recommend. Furthermore, you must make allowances for cigarettes, liquor, currency and certain other items because customs officials may impound them at national borders.

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Sources of Cultural Information

  • Background Notes. A publication of the U.S. Department of State that provides historical details, a map and other valuable information about individual countries. The series is periodically updated.
  • Country Commercial Guides. Prepared annually by U.S. embassies, these U.S. State Department guides provide useful investment climate analyses and business travel information.
  • Culturgrams. Published by the David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies, these reports describe the general attributes, customs and courtesies, lifestyle, society, passport and visa requirements, warnings and travel environment of individual countries.
  • Current History. An excellent world affairs journal with articles that describe and analyze current political, economic and social trends in selected countries.
  • Ernst & Young's International Business Series. This series consists of guides for doing business in various countries. The volumes contain information on a country's business environment, foreign investment climate, structure of business entities, labor force, financial reporting and auditing procedures, taxation policies and contact information. Visit www.ey.com.
  • International Travel Health Guide. The guide provides health suggestions for travelers to individual countries. Updated annually.
  • Price Waterhouse Country Information Guides. These guides provide an investment climate analysis, guidelines for establishing and operating a business in a particular foreign country, and audit, accounting and taxation information. Visit www.pwcglobal.com.
  • The Statesman's Yearbook. A statistical and informational guide to all countries and many of their provinces and territories. Updated regularly.
  • World Development Report. An annual publication of the World Bank that discusses salient issues, provides economic analysis and presents data for developing countries.
  • World Factbook. An annual publication of the Central Intelligence Agency. Designed for use by government officials. Visit www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook.
  • World Tables. It offers statistical data on most countries, focusing on economic indicators and trends for the past 20 years. Available from the World Bank.

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